恋练有词考研词组用法全解析:告别死记硬背,轻松掌握高频词汇
在考研备考的道路上,词汇是基础也是难点。很多同学花费大量时间背诵单词,却发现自己一看到真题就懵圈,这是因为缺乏对词汇用法的深入理解。《恋练有词》作为考研词汇的经典教材,不仅收录了高频词汇,更注重词汇的实际应用。下面,我们就来解答几个常见的词组使用问题,帮助你真正掌握这些“会考”的单词。
常见问题解答
1. "make a decision" 和 "come to a decision" 有什么区别?
"Make a decision" 和 "come to a decision" 都表示“做出决定”,但它们的用法和侧重点有所不同。"make a decision" 强调主动性和最终结果,通常指经过深思熟虑后做出的决定。例如:"After months of deliberation, she finally made a decision to accept the job offer." 这句话中,"made a decision" 突出了她经过长时间思考后主动做出的选择。而 "come to a decision" 则更强调过程的自然发展,往往暗示经过讨论或犹豫后最终达成共识。比如:"We couldn't agree on the plan, but eventually we came to a decision to postpone the meeting." 这里,"came to a decision" 体现了双方经过争论后自然而然地达成了妥协。
从搭配上看,"make a decision" 后常接宾语,如 "make a decision about sth";而 "come to a decision" 通常不直接跟宾语,可以说 "come to a decision on sth"。"make a decision" 可以用于进行时态,表示正在做出决定,如 "They are making a decision right now";而 "come to a decision" 一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。例如:"They came to a decision last week." 这些细微差别在考研写作和翻译中尤其重要,考生需要根据具体语境选择合适的表达。
2. "take into account" 和 "take into consideration" 哪个更常用?
"Take into account" 和 "take into consideration" 都表示“考虑”,但前者更为常用且正式。在《恋练有词》中,"take into account" 出现频率远高于 "take into consideration",因此建议优先掌握前者。例如:"When deciding which candidate to hire, the company took into account their experience and salary requirements." 这句话中,"took into account" 体现了招聘方在决策时全面考虑了候选人的经验和薪资要求。而 "take into consideration" 虽然意思相近,但在实际使用中相对少见,有时会显得有些冗余。比如:"The judge took into consideration the defendant's background when sentencing him." 这里,"took into consideration" 虽然正确,但用 "took into account" 会更简洁自然。
从搭配上看,"take into account" 后可以直接跟名词或名词短语,如 "take into account the situation";而 "take into consideration" 后通常需要跟 "the + 名词",如 "take into consideration the fact"。"take into account" 可以用于进行时态,如 "They are taking into account all possible outcomes";而 "take into consideration" 一般不用进行时。例如:"The committee has taken into consideration everyone's suggestions." 这些用法在考研阅读和写作中非常常见,考生需要特别注意。
3. "look forward to" 后为什么不能直接跟动词原形?
"Look forward to" 是考研词汇中的高频短语,表示“期待某事发生”。很多同学会误用,比如想表达“期待明天见你”,可能会写 "I look forward to see you tomorrow",这是错误的。正确用法是 "look forward to + 名词/动名词"。例如:"I look forward to meeting you tomorrow." 这里,"meeting" 是动词的-ing形式。再比如:"The team is looking forward to winning the championship." 这里,"winning" 也是动名词。为什么不能直接跟动词原形呢?这是因为 "look forward to" 后面需要跟一个宾语,而宾语只能是名词或动名词,不能是动词原形。
从语法结构上看,"look forward to" 实际上是一个固定搭配,相当于一个及物动词短语。我们可以把 "look forward to" 看作一个整体,后面直接跟宾语。比如:"I look forward to the weekend." 这里,"the weekend" 是宾语。再比如:"She looks forward to his call." 这里,"his call" 也是宾语。如果 "look forward to" 后面跟的是复杂结构,比如 "look forward to + doing sth + 介词短语",那么必须保持动名词的形式。例如:"I look forward to seeing you next month in Beijing." 这里,"seeing" 仍然是动名词形式。掌握这个用法,不仅能在阅读中正确理解句子,也能在写作中避免低级错误。