2010年考研英语二真题及原文翻译如下：
阅读理解
Passage 1
原文：
In the United States, the concept of personal space is quite different from that in other cultures. In the United States, there is a greater distance between people in public places such as elevators, buses, and trains. People stand or sit farther apart in classrooms, theaters, and restaurants. In the United States, a person's personal space extends from about six inches to four feet away from the body. This space is considered necessary for comfort and for the proper functioning of society.
In other cultures, people are accustomed to standing much closer together. In Japan, for example, people stand side by side on buses and trains, even though there is room for more than one person. In Italy, people stand very close together in theaters and restaurants. In these cultures, touching someone while talking is common.
The reason for these differences in personal space is due to the way people are raised and the values they learn from their culture. In the United States, children are taught to respect personal space from an early age. They are taught that it is polite to keep a certain distance from others and that it is important to give people their personal space.
In other cultures, children are not taught to respect personal space as strictly. In Japan, for example, children are taught that it is important to be polite and to show respect for others, but they are not taught to keep a certain distance from others.
The concept of personal space is also influenced by the physical layout of buildings and public spaces. In the United States, buildings and public spaces are designed to provide personal space. For example, classrooms are designed with enough space for students to sit comfortably and move around easily. In other cultures, buildings and public spaces are not always designed to provide personal space.
翻译：
在美国，个人空间的概念与其他文化大相径庭。在美国，公共场所如电梯、公交车和火车上人与人之间的距离要远得多。在教室、电影院和餐馆里，人们站立或坐的距离也要远一些。在美国，一个人的个人空间从身体大约六英寸到四英尺的距离。这个空间被认为是舒适和正确社会功能所必需的。
在其他文化中，人们习惯于站得更近。例如，在日本，人们在公交车上和火车上并排站立，尽管有足够的空间容纳多个人。在意大利，人们在电影院和餐馆里站得很近。在这些文化中，交谈时触摸对方是很常见的。
这些个人空间差异的原因在于人们的成长方式和从文化中学习到的价值观。在美国，孩子们从小就被教导要尊重个人空间。他们被教导要保持一定的距离是礼貌的，并且给人留出个人空间是很重要的。
在其他文化中，孩子们并没有被严格地教导要尊重个人空间。例如，在日本，孩子们被教导要礼貌，要尊重他人，但他们没有被教导要保持一定的距离。
个人空间的概念还受到建筑和公共场所的物理布局的影响。在美国，建筑和公共场所的设计旨在提供个人空间。例如，教室的设计为学生提供了足够的舒适空间和轻松移动的空间。在其他文化中，建筑和公共场所并不总是为了提供个人空间而设计。
Passage 2
原文：
The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. It has made it possible for people to connect with each other instantly, regardless of their physical location. However, this convenience comes with a price. The Internet has also created new challenges for individuals and society.
One of the biggest challenges is the issue of privacy. With the advent of social media, people are sharing more personal information online than ever before. This has led to concerns about identity theft and the misuse of personal data. Additionally, the Internet has made it easier for predators to target vulnerable individuals, such as children and the elderly.
Another challenge is the issue of misinformation. The Internet is filled with false information and fake news, which can be difficult to distinguish from the truth. This has led to confusion and mistrust among people, and can have serious consequences for individuals and society.
The Internet has also had a negative impact on mental health. The constant exposure to social media and other online platforms can lead to feelings of anxiety and depression. People can become overly concerned with their online image and compare themselves unfavorably to others, leading to low self-esteem and feelings of inadequacy.
Despite these challenges, the Internet has also brought many benefits. It has made it easier for people to access information, connect with others, and participate in social and political activities. It has also opened up new opportunities for education and employment.
To address the challenges of the Internet, individuals and society need to take steps to protect their privacy, verify the accuracy of information, and promote positive online behavior. This includes being cautious about what we share online, critically evaluating the information we encounter, and being mindful of our online interactions.
翻译：
互联网已经彻底改变了我们沟通和获取信息的方式。它使得人们无论身处何地都能瞬间相互连接。然而，这种便利也伴随着代价。互联网也为个人和社会带来了新的挑战。
最大的挑战之一是隐私问题。随着社交媒体的出现，人们比以往任何时候都在网上分享更多的个人信息。这引发了关于身份盗窃和个人数据滥用的担忧。此外，互联网使得猎食者更容易针对易受伤害的个人，如儿童和老年人。
另一个挑战是虚假信息问题。互联网充满了虚假信息和假新闻，这使得人们很难区分真伪。这导致了人们的困惑和不信任，对个人和社会可能产生严重的后果。
互联网还对心理健康产生了负面影响。不断接触社交媒体和其他在线平台可能导致焦虑和抑郁。人们可能会过分关注自己的在线形象，与他人进行不利的比较，导致自尊心低下和自卑感。
尽管如此，互联网也带来了许多好处。它使得人们更容易获取信息，与他人建立联系，参与社会和政治活动。它还为教育和就业开辟了新的机会。
为了应对互联网的挑战，个人和社会需要采取措施保护隐私，核实信息的准确性，并促进积极的在线行为。这包括谨慎地分享在线信息，批判性地评估我们遇到的信息，以及注意我们的在线互动。
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