在备战考研数据结构课程时，掌握C语言版本的真题及答案至关重要。以下是对一些典型题目的解析：
1. 题目：请实现一个简单的链表，包括插入、删除和查找功能。
答案：以下是一个简单的链表实现示例：
```c
include
include
typedef struct Node {
int data;
struct Node *next;
} Node;
// 创建节点
Node* createNode(int data) {
Node *newNode = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));
newNode->data = data;
newNode->next = NULL;
return newNode;
}
// 插入节点
void insertNode(Node **head, int data) {
Node *newNode = createNode(data);
newNode->next = *head;
*head = newNode;
}
// 删除节点
void deleteNode(Node **head, int data) {
Node *temp = *head, *prev = NULL;
if (temp != NULL && temp->data == data) {
*head = temp->next;
free(temp);
return;
}
while (temp != NULL && temp->data != data) {
prev = temp;
temp = temp->next;
}
if (temp == NULL) return;
prev->next = temp->next;
free(temp);
}
// 查找节点
Node* searchNode(Node *head, int data) {
Node *temp = head;
while (temp != NULL) {
if (temp->data == data) return temp;
temp = temp->next;
}
return NULL;
}
int main() {
Node *head = NULL;
insertNode(&head, 10);
insertNode(&head, 20);
insertNode(&head, 30);
printf("Original list: ");
printList(head);
deleteNode(&head, 20);
printf("List after deleting 20: ");
printList(head);
Node *searchResult = searchNode(head, 10);
if (searchResult != NULL) {
printf("Node with data 10 found.\n");
} else {
printf("Node with data 10 not found.\n");
}
return 0;
}
// 打印链表
void printList(Node *node) {
while (node != NULL) {
printf("%d ", node->data);
node = node->next;
}
printf("\n");
}
```
2. 题目：请实现一个简单的栈，包括入栈、出栈和判断是否为空功能。
答案：以下是一个简单的栈实现示例：
```c
include
include
define MAX_SIZE 100
typedef struct Stack {
int data[MAX_SIZE];
int top;
} Stack;
// 初始化栈
void initStack(Stack *s) {
s->top = -1;
}
// 入栈
void push(Stack *s, int data) {
if (s->top < MAX_SIZE - 1) {
s->data[++s->top] = data;
} else {
printf("Stack is full.\n");
}
}
// 出栈
int pop(Stack *s) {
if (s->top == -1) {
printf("Stack is empty.\n");
return -1;
} else {
return s->data[s->top--];
}
}
// 判断栈是否为空
int isEmpty(Stack *s) {
return s->top == -1;
}
int main() {
Stack s;
initStack(&s);
push(&s, 10);
push(&s, 20);
push(&s, 30);
printf("Popped element: %d\n", pop(&s));
printf("Popped element: %d\n", pop(&s));
if (isEmpty(&s)) {
printf("Stack is empty.\n");
} else {
printf("Stack is not empty.\n");
}
return 0;
}
```
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